Help:IPA for Kryfona
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References
- ↑ While most of the Kryfona Kingdom reflects this pronunciation, some speakers of Western dialects of Kryfona exhibit the ehqe-ege merger, which shifts ⟨hq⟩ from /k/ to /ɡ/. Words such as ehqe, tahqa, and shqare are thus homophones with ege, taga, and sgare.
- ↑ Although Formal Kryfona wholly lacks the alveolar flap, most Kryfona dialects (and thus most speakers of Kryfona) exhibit flapping of /t/ between two vowels. The word loite thus is usually heard as [lɔɪɾeɪ] rather than [lɔɪteɪ], particularly in informal or casual contexts.
- ↑ In Kryfona, when words end with a consonant followed by a j as in setrj, varirj, natj, and so on, the j is always pronounced /tʃ/. In the Western dialects, this rule extends to all words ending in j except for those which already end in /ʃ/, such that ketoj is pronounced /kɛtʌtʃ/ and pesej as /pɛsɛtʃ/, but not zegataj as /zɛɡɑtɑtʃ/.
- ↑ Although in Formal Kryfona ⟨rsz⟩ almost always corresponds to /rʃ/, in the Middle Kingdom, ⟨rsz⟩ more often is pronounced /rz/, and in the Eastern Kingdom, it is usually /rʒ/ or just /r/.
- ↑ In the Eastern dialects, ⟨prze⟩ is often pronounced as /ʃɔ/ or /ʃɛ/ instead of the usual /ʃɛr/. With younger speakers, this may even be /sɔ/, rather than /ʃɛr/, reflecting the simplification of clusters such as ⟨prze⟩.
- ↑ A number of the Middle Kingdom dialects exhibit a vowel shift, where /ɛ/ is shifted downwards to the vowel /æ/. This particularly prominent among the Tivre-Szare and Walissa dialects, which also exhibit shifting of /sɪk/ as detailed below.
- ↑ Also among the Middle Kingdom dialects is a vowel shift where /ɪ/ shifts upward to /i/. This shift is also prominent among the Tivre-Szare and Walissa dialects, but extends into the Vyfani dialect as well.
- ↑ The consonant cluster ⟨vrlx⟩ is very uncommon in Kryfona, but nevertheless exists within several words and major place names. In Formal Kryfona and the Western Kingdom dialects, ⟨vrlx⟩ is pronounced as /firuk/; however, among the Eastern Kingdom dialects, the pronunciation /firk/ is more common. In the Aryela dialects, /fɛrk/ is the dominant pronunciation, and in Low Kryfona, /fɛrʌk/ is prevalent, although /firuk/ and /firk/ are not unheard of.
- ↑ The vowel /æː/ only occurs in Arieles loanwords, and most Kryfona speakers do not have the sound at all–only the Azsaeh and Wavoldes dialects distinguish between /æ/ and /æː/. In these dialects, /æː/ more or less corresponds to instances of the Arieles vowel /ʌː/. This vowel is usually rendered as /æː/ because of fronting that occurs with the /ʌ/ vowel in most Kryfona dialects.
- ↑ In the Northern and Eastern Kingdom dialects, the vowel /ʌ/ is typically fronted to /æ/, or in rare cases, /ɛ/. It should be noted that there are only a few native Kryfona words that include /ʌ/ such as ketoj, and thus this /ʌ/ fronting most prominently occurs with Arieles loanwords.
- ↑ Among Lowlands and Tvaqyr dialect speakers, there is a tendency to turn the diphthong /aʊ/ into the monophthong /ɔː/. Words such as Tauba thus are rendered /tɔːbɑ/ instead of the pronunciation /taʊbɑ/ that is typical in most of the rest of the Kingdom.
- ↑ Although /eɪ/ is the Formal Kryfona pronunciation of the trigraph ⟨aeh⟩, in the Western Kingdom dialects, /ɛ/ is a more common pronunciation.
- ↑ There is a significant split between the Western Kingdom and the rest of the Kryfona Kingdom when it comes to the use of /j/. In the Western Kingdom, ⟨j⟩ is almost never /j/; conversely, in the Eastern and Middle Kingdom, it is almost always /j/.
- ↑ There is a class split in the pronunciation of ⟨w⟩. For lower- and middle-class Kryfona, /w/ is almost always the pronunciation of ⟨w⟩. Among upper-class Kryfona, /w/ as a phoneme is essentially nonexistent. Outside of instances where it acts as a semi-vowel, virtually all instances of the letter ⟨w⟩ are pronounced as /v/ by upper-class Kryfona. This distinction was notably highlighted by King Xeriren Awaseq. Having grown up in an upper-class family, Awaseq typically pronounced his name as /ˈɑˌvɑ.sɛk/. In contrast, most Kryfona historically pronounced his name as /ˈɑˌwɑ.sɛk/, and today it is the traditional pronunciation.
